Foxtail pine is highly susceptible to white pine blister rust, a usually fatal fungal disease that affects 5-needle pines...Blister rust-infected trees may take from 2 years to decades to succumb, but infection is always fatal. Gooseberries and currants (Ribes spp.) are the primary host of white pine blister rust...White pine blister rust affects the ability of 5-needle pines to reproduce by killing cone-bearing branch tips. Foxtail pines are susceptible to mountain pine beetle attacks. Two rare species of Pityophthorus bark beetles may feed primarily on foxtail pine. While contributing to biodiversity, little is known of the impacts of these Pityophthorus bark beetles to foxtail pine. Limber pine dwarf-mistletoe (Arceuthobium cyanocarpum) occasionally infects foxtail pine Lightning damage to foxtail pines is common, especially to trees in the upper subalpine zone. Low-severity surface fire leaves basal scars on foxtail pines and kills some trees...Foxtail pine has many characteristics of a fire survivor. Some of its morphological characteristics are similar to ponderosa pine, a highly fire-adapted species. Like ponderosa pine, foxtail pine is a long-lived tree with a large-diameter bole, thick bark, and large-diameter branches...Foxtail pine seedlings pioneer on burned sites. The seeds are small, light, and have large wings, suggesting the possibility of foxtail pine seed dispersal onto burns from on- and off-site parent trees.